G., Chibisova, O. I. The fission develops across the narrow part of the protozoan cell. These are contractile vacuoles, food vacuoles and secretary vacuoles. Still others, like Paramecium, Plasmodium etc., have tubular cristae in their mitochondria.
Blochmann, F. (1895). The majority of protozoa are free-living organisms in aquatic habitats and soil. Cavalier-Smith, T. (1981). However, this classification is not phylogenetic. pp. 7:23. The proposed classification recognized Protozoa as a sub-kingdom of the kingdom Protista and classified protozoa into six phyla. Within its single cell, the protozoon contains all structures required for performing its various functions. Malarial protozoa require both humans and mosquitoes to complete their life cycle.
Alternative classifications [] [Note: in most classifications, Protozoa is currently considered a polyphyletic taxon. Cilia are present in great numbers, arranged longitudinally or spirally on the protozoal cell.
They are used for both locomotion and collection of solid food particles which are engulfed by phagocytosis (phagotropism). R.H .Whittaker first divided all living organisms in five (5) kingdoms. They propel the cells by beating. All protozoal species are assigned to the kingdom Protista in the Whittaker classification.
Hence, the subkingdom Protozoa is now considered obsolete. On the basis of gross cell morphology and motility, protozoa are distinguished into four major types. They are unicellular eukaryotic cell wall-less motile organisms and form a very large highly diverse group originating from several phylogenetic lines. 43-96. Another characteristic feature of some protozoa, like the ciliates, is that they possess two different types of nuclei, a macronucleus which is typically polyploid and a micronucleus which is diploid. In: Thorp, J.H. Zooflagellate phylogeny and the systematics of Protozoa. The ectoplasm is generally denser in consistency than the endoplasm. Find short questions and answers on every aspects of Zoology from 10+2 to master's levelThe following classification recommended by the Society of Protozoologists (Levine et.al., 1980), the subkingdom Protozoa is divided into seven phyla:1) Sarcomastigophora, 2) Apicomplexa, 3) Myxozoa, 4) Microspora, 5) Labyrinthomorpha, 6) Ascetospora & 7) Ciliophora.n following the classification recommended by the Society of Protozoologists (Levine et.al., 1980), the subkingdom Protozoa is divided into seven phyla:1) Sarcomastigophora, 2) Apicomplexa, 3) Myxozoa, 4) Microspora, 5) Labyrinthomorpha, 6) Ascetospora & 7) Ciliophora.With flagella, pseudopodia or both type of locomotor organelles.One or more flagella typically present in trophozoites.Asexual reproduction basically by intrakinetal (symmetrogenic) binary fission.Pseudopodia, or locomotive protoplasmic flow without discrete pseudopodia.Flagella, when present, usually restricted to developmental or other temporary stages.Body naked or with external or internal test or skeleton.Sexuality, if present, associated with flagellate or, more rarely, amoeboid gametes.Numerous cilia in oblique rows over entire body surface.Known life cycles involve syngamy with anisogamous flagellated gametes.Apical complex (visible with electron microscope), generally consisting of polar ring(s), rhoptries, micronemes, conoid, and subpellicular microtubules present at some stage.Spores of multicellular origin, with one or more polar capsules and sporoplasms.Unicellular spores, each with imperforate wall, containing one uninucleate or dinucleate sporoplasm and simple or complex extrusion apparatus always with polar tube and polar cap.Often, if not usually, dimorphic in sporulation sequence.Obligatory intracellular parasites in nearly all major animal groups.Trophic stage, ectoplasmic network with spindle-shaped or spherical, non-amoeboid cells.In some genera amoeboid cells move within network by gliding.Saprobic or parasitic on algae, mostly in marine and estuarine water.Simple cilia or compound ciliary organelles typical in at least one stage of life cycle.With subpellicular infraciliature present even when surface cilia absent.Binary fission transverse, but budding and multiple fission also occurs.Sexuality involving conjugation, autogamy and cytogamy.Most species free-living, but many commensal, some truly parasitic, and a large number found as phoronts on a variety of hosts.its very good websit for all…need more detail with explained exampleswell done. These are Sarcomastigophora, Labryinthomorpha, Apicomplexa, Microspora, Myxozoa and Ciliophora.